Celebrating African First Ladies: Senegal's Marieme Faye Sall

Africa

Often described as mothers to the nations their husbands lead, Africa’s first ladies are often expected to be unifying figures, serving the president of the nation and the voters who entrusted him the mandate to lead.

A first lady by definition is the wife of the head of state, and it therefore follows that most African nations led by a male president, has a first lady.

As of March 2019, all African countries have male heads of state. The last female head of state who led an African nation was Liberia’s Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, whose tenure expired in January 2018.

Across the continent, several first ladies have been recognised, applauded and sometimes vilified for the roles they play to support the politics of their husbands.

As we celebrate women in the month of March and beyond, Africanews shall publish the profiles and work of different African first ladies, highlighting their politics and activism among other issues.

In this article, you will find the details of the following First Ladies;

Senegal’s Marieme Faye Sall
Zimbabwe’s Auxillia Mnangagwa
Sudan’s Mary Ayen Mayardit
Congo’s Antoinette Sassou Nguesso
Rwanda’s Jeanette Kagame
Gabon’s Sylvia Bongo Ondimba
Egypt’s Entissar Amer
Uganda’s Janet Museveni
Ethiopia’s Zinash Tayachew
Kenya’s Margaret Kenyatta
Cameroon’s Chantal Biya

Senegal’s Marieme Faye Sall

Full name: Marieme Faye Sall
Mandate: April 2, 2012
Profession: electro-technical engineer
Politics: plays a symbolic supporting role to her husband’s political career
Advocacy: she established the Serve Senegal Foundation during her tenure as first lady
Family: Wife to president Macky Sall, and together they have three children

The the Serve Senegal Foundation among others, helps patients who urgently need the chance to receive hemodialysis and renal care, as well as the populations in distress in the flooded bottomlands, the most impoverished fisherwomen, and the most needy pilgrims traveling to the Holy Places of Islam.

Full name / age: Mary Ayen Mayardit
Mandate: First Lady since 9 July 2011
Profession: a freedom fighter
Politics: plays a symbolic supporting role to her husband’s political career
Advocacy: runs the Concern for Women and Children (CWC) foundation, which targets women and children.

Mary fought alongside her husband for two decades in the guerilla war that sought self-determination for the people of South Sudan. She was last year promoted to the rank of Major General in the Sudanese People’s Liberation Army (SPLA).

“The promoted female officers are from Shield One and Shied two in the SPLA. They actually joined the movement since 1983 and they are from the Women’s Battalion known as Katiba Banat,” SPLA army spokesman Lul Ruai Koang said of the promotion.

Since 2006, Mary’s CWC foundation has championed human rights advocacy, HIV/AIDS prevention, maternal and infant health and education.

Read more about H.E. Madam Mary Ayen Mayardit
Photo credit: USAID

Congo’s Antoinette Sassou Nguesso

Full name / age: Antoinette Sassou Nguesso, born Loemba Tchibota/ 73 years old
Mandate: First Lady since August 31, 1997
Profession: a retired teacher
Politics: plays a symbolic supporting role to her husband’s political career
Advocacy: president of ‘Fondation Congo-Assistance’, which champions health, development, education and vocational training for children, women and the elderly.

Antoinette was also first lady of the Republic of Congo during her husband’s first presidential term, between February 5, 1979 and August 31, 1992. She has therefore cumulatively served as First Lady for 35 years as of 2019.

Antoinette, along with several other members of the president’s family have been investigated several times by authorities in the United States and France, over suspected involvement in money laundering among other crimes.

Rwanda’s Jeanette Kagame

Full name / age: Jeannette Nyiramongi Kagame/ 56 years old
Mandate: First Lady since 24 March, 2000
Profession: holds a degree in Business and Management Science
Politics: plays a symbolic supporting role to her husband’s political career
Advocacy: runs Imbuto Foundation, whose mission is to support the development of a healthy, educated and prosperous society
Family: Wife to president Paul Kagame since 1989, the couple have four biological children together.

Jeannette Kagame hosted the first African First Ladies’ Summit on Children and HIV/AIDS Prevention in May 2001 in Kigali, Rwanda, and co-founded the Organisation of African First Ladies against HIV/AIDS (OAFLA) in 2002. She served as the OAFLA president from 2004 until 2006.

The Imbuto Foundation – which means “seed” in Kinyarwanda, established in 2007, extends basic care and economic support to HIV affected families and has various programmes in health, education, youth and economic empowerment.

Gabon’s Sylvia Bongo Ondimba

Full name / age: Sylvia Bongo Ondimba/ 56 years old
Mandate: First Lady since 16 October 2009
Profession: Entrepreneur
Politics: plays a symbolic supporting role to her husband’s political career
Advocacy: runs the Sylvia Bongo Ondimba Foundation which is dedicated to ‘improving plight of vulnerable and disadvantaged people around the world’.
Family: Wife to president Ali Bongo Ondimba since 1989, the couple have four biological children together. They also adopted a child in 2002.

Born in Paris on March 11, 1963 to French parents, Slyvia spent most of her childhood in Cameroon and Tunisia before moving to Gabon in 1974. Sylvia’s mother, Evelyne Valentin, was President Bongo Ondimba’s secretary.

Egypt’s Entissar Amer

Full name / age: Entissar Mohameed Amer/ 62 years old
Mandate: First Lady since 8 June, 2014
Profession: Ain-Shams University graduate (Bachelor of Commerce-Accounting)
Politics: plays a symbolic supporting role to her husband’s political career
Advocacy: is dedicated to raising her family, and has reportedly turned down opportunities to work and build a career or personal legacy.
Family: Wife to president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi since 1977, the couple have four children together.

Al Arabiya reported that Amer is Sisi’s maternal cousin, who the president fell in love with while the two were still in high school. They got married after Sisi graduated from the military academy in 1977.

Uganda’s Janet Museveni

Full name / age: Janet Kataaha Museveni/ 70 years old
Mandate: First Lady since 29 January 1986
Profession: Teacher by profession, politician by practice
Politics: Has served as an MP,and is currently a cabinet minister in charge of education and sports
Advocacy: Founded an NGO dedicated to supporting children orphaned by HIV/AIDS, and also champions causes for the youth, women and children.
Family: Wife to president Yoweri Museveni since August 1973, the couple have four children together.

Janet has consistently supported her husband’s political ambitions, and lived in exile from 1971 until 1979, and again from 1981 until Museveni’s resistance movement captured power in 1986.

In 2005, Janet expressed her ambition to join active politics and won a parliamentary seat in the 2006 general elections. She was re-elected in 2011, but did not seek re-election in 2016.

Ethiopia’s Zinash Tayachew

Full name / age: Zinash Tayachew Bere/ 41 years old
Mandate: First Lady since 2 April, 2018
Advocacy: Committed to supporting children’s needs in education. Has initiatives to enhance nutrition, mental health, women’s economic empowerment and protection of the most vulnerable.
Family: Has three daughters with prime minister Abiy Ahmed, and in August 2018, the couple adopted a son.

ALSO READ: Ethiopia PM cheered for publicly showing affection to first ladyZinash told her fellow first ladies at a meeting in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa in February that she was planning to build 20 high schools, 15 of which are under construction.

‘‘I have planned to construct boarding schools for the blind and the disabled. I also support institutions for the elderly and work on similar issues,’‘ Zinash said.

The Office of the First Lady says through her charity work that includes providing support to the ‘disabled and special needs communities’, Zinash has become ‘a hope for so many’.

Prior to taking up her role as First Lady, Zinash lived with her three daughters, in the United States.

Kenya’s Margaret Kenyatta

Full name / age: Margaret Gakuo Kenyatta/ 54 years old
Mandate: First Lady since 9 April, 2013
Politics: Frequently campaigns with president Uhuru Kenyatta, meeting women’s groups to advance his political agenda.
Advocacy: Runs ‘Beyond Zero’ initiative that focuses on maternal and child health issues.
Family: Wife to president Uhuru Kenyatta since 1991, have three children together.

Margaret is liked by many Kenyans for her simplicity in regard to her dressing, nature and manner.

“She is my friend, partner and strong supporter. Strong and successful women make a strong and successful Kenya,’‘ president Kenyatta said of the first lady in 2018.

Aisha Buhari in photos

The office of First Lady

While the position of first lady is not legally or constitutionally provided for in many countries, many presidencies cater for the Office of the First Lady, through which the holder is facilitated to implement projects towards social causes, and often influence policy.

The Organisation of African First Ladies for Development (OAFLAD), created in 2002, brings together First Ladies of Africa ‘to advocate for policies that make health services accessible and laws that boost women and youth empowerment’.

‘‘First Ladies of Africa reinforce favorable policies and programs through advocacy, resource mobilization and development of partnerships with all stakeholders at all levels,’‘ reads part of the statement on the OAFLAD website.

OAFLAD is currently led by First Lady of Burkina Faso, Adjoavi Sika Kabore, who is deputised by her Kenyan counterpart Margaret Kenyatta.